Canary
Canary
The wild canary is a small finch that is native to the Macaronesian islands of the Azores, Madeira, and the Canary Islands. Bred in captivity since the 17th century, the bird arrived in Europe by way of Spanish sailors after the conquest of the Macaronesian islands in 1478. The canaries sold in pet stores are now genetically quite different from their wild canary ancestors. Canaries readily breed with other species of finches. This hybridization yields unique canaries. For example, red canaries resulted from the breeding of domestic canaries with red siskins, a South American finch. Canaries enjoy being around people but do not appreciate heavy handling in the way that budgies and parrots do. Canaries are intelligent birds. Many owners can train their canary to sit on their hand, move to a perch, or direct the bird to fly around the room. Young birds are easier to train, but you can tame and train most canaries with enough patience and consistent practice.
Caring for the Canary
A single canary needs a cage that is at least 20 inches wide and 24 inches long. These birds like to fly about, so if possible, give them a cage that is longer than it is wide to provide the flying space they desire. A pet canary should never have its wings clipped; it needs to fly for exercise. Cage bars should be spaced relatively close together (no more than 1/2 inch wide) to prevent the bird from getting its head caught between the bars. Wire cages are easier to clean than wood cages. Wood perches of varying diameters (3/8 to 3/4 inch) should be placed around the cage to provide places for your canary to rest and exercise its feet. Whittle notches into the smooth round perches with a saw blade or utility knife to make the perch surface slightly irregular. These notches make the poles easier to grip. Perch variety helps keep your bird's feet limber. Refrain from using sandpaper perch covers. They can cause harm to your canary's feet. Canaries are hardy birds that can be kept at room temperature, but keep the cage away from drafts, air conditioners, and windows that receive direct sunlight (the canary can get overheated). If you notice a canary's mouth agape and its wings held away from their body, that is a sign it is hot. If you see that the bird is puffed up a lot that can be a sign it is too cold. Provide a shallow dish of water or a special bath bought at a pet store at least three or four times a week for the bird to soak in or flit around in the water. Cover the cage at night—canaries need their rest and will do best if given a light/dark cycle that approximates natural conditions. It is not healthy to keep canaries up late at night with artificial light; it can stress them out.
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Alex john
Editorial Assistant
Entomology, Ornithology & Herpetology: Current Research